02/03/02 · Work visa

§ 18 Residence Act

The work visa
for qualified
Skilled workers.

The work visa according to Section 18 of the Residence Act applies to skilled workers with recognized professional qualifications or university degree who have a concrete job offer from a German employer. This visa cannot be applied for without a job offer – then a job search visa or opportunity card applies.

75 €Visa fee
4-16WMessage waiting time
4 yrs.Max. initial term

Who does this visa apply to?

The work visa – and who doesn’t need it

The work visa according to Section 18 of the Residence Act is the standard visa for qualified employees. However, there are several alternatives that are more suitable in certain situations – especially the Blue Card for university graduates with high salaries.

01 Target group

Who applies for a work visa – and who should consider an alternative

Blue Card – check alternative

The work visa is the right one if…

  • You one concrete job offer from a German employer
  • Your professional qualification or university degree recognized in Germany is or will be
  • You as Specialist with state-recognized vocational training work (§ 18a) or as an academic (§ 18b)
  • Your salary not the Blue Card minimum salary reached (€45,300 gross/year)
  • You in one regulated profession work (e.g. doctor, engineer, teacher) - professional recognition is mandatory here

Consider an alternative if...

  • You have a university degree and more than €45,300 gross/year you will earn → Check Blue Card (faster route to a settlement permit)
  • You no job offer yet have → Job search visa (§ 20) or Opportunity card (§ 20a)
  • You independent want to work → Self-employed visa (§ 21)
  • You conducts research or is scientifically active are → Researcher visa (§ 18d)
The work visa requires a recognized qualification. Recognition is carried out by the responsible authority depending on the profession - and can take 4-12 weeks. Initiate this procedure at the same time as the embassy appointment, not afterward.

Work visa vs. Blue Card

Which visa is better?

Both types of visa allow employment in Germany. The difference lies in the salary, the path to obtaining a settlement permit and the flexibility when changing jobs.

Work visa · Section 18 Residence Act

Work visa

  • Not a legal one Minimum salary
  • For Specialists with professional training (§ 18a) and academics (§ 18b)
  • Settlement permit 4 years
  • He has to change jobs Reported to the immigration authorities become
  • Applies to all sectors and professions with recognition
  • Professional recognition for regulated professions before entry necessary
Blue Card · § 18g AufenthG · Recommended for high salaries

EU Blue Card

  • Minimum salary 2025: €45,300 gross/year
  • Just for University graduates (at least 3 years of study)
  • Settlement permit 21 months (with B1 German)
  • Freedom of movement in the EU after 18 months
  • Changing jobs within the must be reported for the first 2 years
  • For Shortage occupations Reduced minimum salary applies: €41,042

Requirements

What you need for the work visa

Three things must be present before the embassy appointment makes sense: the job offer, recognition of the degree and the completed visa form. None of these can be submitted later at the embassy appointment.

02 Requirements

What the message requires

Complete document checklist

Basic requirements

  • Concrete job offer – Employment contract or advance confirmation from the German employer
  • Recognized professional qualification or university degree – or ongoing recognition process with a positive prognosis
  • Valid passport – valid for at least 6 months beyond the planned end of your stay

Documents for the embassy appointment

documentNote
Valid passport + 2 copies of the data pageMin. Valid for 6 months after the end of your stay
2 biometric photographsCurrent, white background, 35×45 mm
Completed visa formFill out online, print out, sign
Employment contract or binding job offer declarationSigned by the German employer
Notice of recognition of the professional qualificationOr evidence of ongoing procedures with a positive prognosis
Professional qualification certificate + certified translationSworn translation into German
CV in GermanTabular, current
Visa fee€75 (cash or card, depending on the embassy)

Additionally depending on your profession

  • Regulated professions (Doctor, dentist, nurse, teacher, lawyer): Professional permit from the relevant German chamber or authority required before entry
  • Professional liability insurance – where required by the employer or professional regulations
  • Work permit from the Federal Employment Agency – necessary in some cases, the employer checks this before concluding the contract
For regulated professions (medicine, law, engineering depending on the federal state), a professional license is mandatory before entry. The embassy will only issue the visa once this is available. The recognition process should therefore be initiated parallel to the job search - not afterwards.

The application process

Six steps from job offer to entry.

01
Job offer

Secure an employment contract or job offer

The employment contract or a written advance confirmation from the German employer forms the basis of the visa application. Without this document, no embassy appointment.

02
Recognition

Have your professional qualification recognized

Depending on the profession, recognition is carried out by the IHK, HWK, Medical Association or the Central Office for Foreign Education (ZAB). Duration: 4-12 weeks. Initiate parallel to the embassy appointment.

For regulated professions, the professional license is mandatory before entry - not after entry.
03
Appointment

Book an embassy appointment

Book an appointment as early as possible – in countries with a long waiting period, immediately after the contract has been concluded. Waiting times: 4-16 weeks depending on country of origin. Reserve the appointment, then complete the documents.

04
documents

Compile all documents

Check full list. Translations must come from a sworn translator. No document can be submitted later at the appointment - missing documents will result in rejection or a new appointment.

05
Embassy

Embassy interview and visa issuance

The conversation usually lasts 20-40 minutes. Documents are checked and fingerprints and photos are taken. The passport remains with the embassy. Processing time after appointment: 2-6 weeks.

06
Entry

Entry and applying for a residence permit

After entry: Register your residence at the residents' registration office (14 days mandatory). Then apply for a residence permit (Section 18 Residence Act) at the immigration authority. The work visa allows entry – the residence permit allows you to stay.

You have a job offer and want to clarify what happens next.
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Editorial transparency

As of: May 2026. Lalmano checks content editorially and is based on official information, including from Foreign Office, BAMF and Make it in Germany. The content does not replace individual legal advice.